Details of nursing care for children with sarcoma chemotherapy

In the structure of malignant neoplasms, sarcomas occupy the 4th place and account for 6-8% of all malignant neoplasms of childhood. In newborns and children under 1-year-old, this type of tumor is observed in 10-12% of cases. In 50% of cases, sarcomas are localized in the head and neck region, in 25-37% of cases - in the trunk and extremities. According to the Ministry of Health of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the incidence of sickness in children over the past decade is 6.6-6.8 per 1000 child population (2-3 children per year). Sarcomas in children are characterized by an extremely aggressive course and in many cases do not respond well to various methods of treatment, more often there is a high degree of malignancy, a high potential for metastasis, but a higher sensitivity to chemotherapy. Even 20 years ago, the surgical method was considered the main method of treating soft tissue sarcomas; the overall survival rate was no more than 10%. When studying infant mortality from malignant neoplasms, a progressive increase in mortality in osteosarcoma was noted during the first two decades of life. In recent years, favorable prospects have emerged thanks to timely, comprehensive early diagnosis and the development of new treatment programs, leading to encouraging results. In this study, the role of chemotherapy in the treatment of sarcoma in children and the role of a nurse in the prevention or reduction of side effects and complications of this type of treatment was determined.