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A clinical case of successful nursing of a low birth weight premature baby by gestational age

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25879979-2024-04-08
Issue: 
4
Year: 
2024

L.M. Shipilova, A.D. Gracheva, D.K. Nemolyaeva, A.N. Nurieva,
A.S. Uryadova
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Нigher Education «V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University» ofthe Ministry of Healthcare ofthe Russian Federation, Saratov
е-mail: [email protected]

The incidence of early anemia, NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis), retinopathy increases in children born at gestational age 31.6 weeks with ENMT (extremely low birth weight) and small size by gestational age. These diseases against the background of ENMT are severe and often lead to an unfavorable outcome. The incidence of early anemia of prematurity ranges from 16.5 to 91.3% and has an inverse correlation with gestational age and birth weight. Early anemia of prematurity is a hematologic syndrome characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin and/or hematocrit by more than 2 standard deviations from the mean values of hemoglobin and/or hematocrit for a given postnatal age in premature infants, developing in the 3rd to 10th week of life. The average incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis is 2.4:1000 newborns (1 to 10:1000), or about 2.1% (1 to 7%) of all infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. The incidence of the disease increases with decreasing gestational age of the child at birth. Gradual increase of parenteral nutrition reduces the risk of NEC or death in preterm neonates with ENMT (extremely low birth weight), as well as neonates with antenatal NMT (low birth weight).
Keywords: 
low birth weight premature infant
risk factors
complications
nursing of low birth weight premature infant.

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